Explain the effect of temperature change on chemical equilibrium with an example.

Vedclass pdf generator app on play store
Vedclass iOS app on app store
When a change in temperature of an equilibrium reaction occurs,the value of the equilibrium constant $K_{c}$ changes. In general,the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant depends on the sign of $\Delta H$ for the reaction.
$1$. Exothermic reaction: The equilibrium constant for an exothermic reaction (negative $\Delta H$) decreases as the temperature increases. According to Le-Chatelier's principle,raising the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the left. For example,the production of ammonia is an exothermic reaction:
$N_{2(g)} + 3H_{2(g)} \rightleftharpoons 2NH_{3(g)} ; \Delta H = -92.38 \ kJ \ mol^{-1}$
Raising the temperature decreases the yield of ammonia. Thus,low temperature is favorable for a high yield,but a catalyst is used to maintain a practical reaction rate.
$2$. Endothermic reaction: The equilibrium constant for an endothermic reaction (positive $\Delta H$) increases as the temperature increases. The forward reaction is favored. For example:
$[Co(H_{2}O)_{6}]^{2+}_{(aq)} + 4Cl^{-}_{(aq)} \rightleftharpoons [CoCl_{4}]^{2-}_{(aq)} + 6H_{2}O_{(l)}$
(Pink) (Blue)
At room temperature,the mixture is blue. When cooled,the equilibrium shifts to the left,and the color turns pink due to the formation of $[Co(H_{2}O)_{6}]^{2+}$.

Explore More

Similar Questions

The gaseous reaction $A(g) + B(g) \rightleftharpoons 2C(g) + D(g) + Q$ is most favoured at

Observe the following equilibrium:
$Fe^{3+}_{(aq)} + SCN^{-}_{(aq)} \rightleftharpoons [Fe(SCN)]^{2+}_{(aq)}$
(yellow) (colorless) (deep red)
Addition of aqueous oxalic acid solution to the above equilibrium:

In a reversible reaction,$K_c > K_p$ and $\Delta H = +40 \, kcal$. The formation of product will be less at:

Adding an inert gas to the system $N_{2(g)} + 3H_{2(g)} \rightleftharpoons 2NH_{3(g)}$ at equilibrium at constant volume will lead to:

The reaction $SO_2 + Cl_2 \rightleftharpoons SO_2Cl_2$ is exothermic. If some $SO_2$ is added to the equilibrium mixture at constant volume,then ...........

Vedclass Products

For Students

Vedclass Test Series

Mock tests in real JEE/NEET style with performance analysis. 5-day free trial.

Start Free Trial
For Teachers

Exam Paper Generator

Generate Set A/B/C/D exam papers from 7.5L+ questions in 2 minutes. 3 chapters free.

Try Free
For Institutes

Online Exam Module

Live online exams with unlimited students, 360° analytics & white-label branding.

See Demo